Biodegradable 2T oil

In India nearly 70,000 – 80,000 tons/year of 2-stroke engine oils are consumed annually by two wheelers. Currently all 2-stroke engine oils being used are produced from crude oil derived lube base stocks or synthetic oils.

IIP-Dehradun has developed biodegradable non-edible vegetable oil based 2-stroke Engine oil that offers better or similar performance as petroleum or synthetic oil based products.

This agricultural-based 2-stroke engine oil will be less expensive than petroleum or synthetic oils and offers significant benefits to environment and to the end users.

The present technology relates to a composition of biodegradable lubricants for two-stroke engine, comprises simple or trans mono-esters such as alkyl ester or epoxy alkyl ester or aryl alkyl ester or mixture thereof, based on non-edible vegetable oils, such as Karanja (Pongamia Glabra), Neem (Mellia Azadirachta), Ricebran (Oryza Sativa), Mahua (Madhuca Indica), Castor (Ricinus Communis), Linseed (Flax-Linium Usitatissimum.), other similar oils or mixture thereof. In addition to mono-esters, the composition also contains an antioxidant, a metal deactivator, an extreme pressure additive, an antifoaming agent, a pour point depressant, a anti-icing agent, a corrosion inhibitor, a detergent-dispersant and a combustion improver, according to which it produce lower amounts of observable smoke in the exhaust-emission as a result of combustion in a two-stroke gasoline engine, needs lower concentrations, produce lower amounts of observable smoke in the exhaust-emission, require no miscibility-enhancing solvents, needs lower concentrations, and are significantly biodegradable. The lubricant compositions of the present technology would be particularly suited for water and air cooled 2T engines.

The composition exhibits excellent miscibility with mineral and synthetic oil in all proportions. The main advantages of the present invention are, reduced use of petroleum, green house gases & emissions, having higher smoke index 150 to 250, beneficial to farmers, require no miscibility-enhancing solvents, needs lower concentrations such as fuel-lube ratio 100:0.2 to 100:2 and safer to handle due to higher flash point of 200-260°C. The present lubricant would be particularly suited for water cooled or air cooled 2T engine such as operating outboard motors, snow mobiles, motor boats, motorcycles, scooters, mopeds, gensets and a variety of landscaping equipment, e.g., lawn mowers, chain saws, string trimmers and blowers, etc.

Process:



Typical characteristics:

Standard -BIS 14234	2T oil Specs	IIP lube
Miscibility in mineral oil & Fuel	complete	100 %
K. Viscosity-cst at 100°C, min	6.5	7.62
Viscosity Index, min	95	114
Dosage % in fuel	-	1
Flash Point, °C, min	>70	218
Rel. Density at 20°C	0.88	0.882
Lubricity Index, min	95	170
Copper strip corrosion, max 3 hours at 100°C	<1	<1
Cocking test, max 20 mg, max	Pass	Pass
Oxidation, 1% max (IP 48)	Pass	Pass
Pour Point °C, max	-54	-24
Ash Sulfate %, max	0.12	0.08
TAN, mg KOH, max	0.05	0.015
Water % by vol., max	0.03	0.02
Detergency Index, min	95	>100
Smoke Index, min	85	>200
Piston varnish Index, min	90	>100
Biodegradability %	-	>98

Benefits

• Reduces use of petroleum
• Offers better use of non-edible oils
• Reduce green house gases
• Produces fewer emissions
• Product is almost completely biodegradable
• Safe to use
• Provides better Lubricity and extends engine life
• Helps in employment generation and rural upliftment

Applications

There is a large market of biodegradable ecofriendly lubricants in air-cooled engines of two wheelers in India as well as in abroad. There exists huge potential for use in water-cooled engines such as boats etc.

Comparison of properties of various 2T oil

S. No.		Properties		US patent 5475171		US patent 6197731		Our claim		Remarks
1				Mineral		Synthetic		Veg. Oil
2		Performance tests		Pass		Pass		Pass
3		Smoke Index		95 – 99		75		200		Better
4		Biodegradability %		20-40		20-40		94-98		Better
5		Renewable source		No		No		Yes		Better

Suggested minimum plant capacity: 1000 tons per annum
Likely investment: ~ Rs. 7.5 crores
Product cost: Rs.120/- per kg
Return on investment: ~ 80%

The technology has been filed for Indian patent and is ready for transfer. For further queries please contact:

Director
Indian Institute of Petroleum
P.O. IIP, Mohkampur
Dehradun - 248005
Email: director@iip.res.in
Tel: + 91 135 2660205
Fax: + 91 135 2660098 / 2660202